Elsa Schiaparelli (Italian, 1890 - 1973) was a Surrealist fashion designer who moved to New York in 1916. She soon met and became associated with Marcel Duchamp, Man Ray, and other members of the New York Dada group. She moved to Paris in 1922 determined to become a successful couturier and opened her first boutique in 1927. She found success translating Surrealist theories related to dreams and the unconscious into designs and accessories, which were acclaimed for their daring originality. Man Ray photographed Schiaparelli and her clothing throughout the 1920s and 1930s, and several of his photographs appeared in fashion magazines such as Vogue and Harper’s Bazaar, which led to widespread international success for the designer.